Kuiswa, Kushanda uye Kugadzirisa Manual yeASME Bhora Valve

1. Scope

Bhuku rino rinosanganisira magetsi anoshandiswa, pneumatic inoshandiswa, hydraulic inoshandiswa uye mafuta-gasi inoshandiswa flanged yekubatanidza matatu-chidimbu akafukidzwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu uye zvizere welded bhora mavharuvhu ane zita rezita NPS 8~36 & Kirasi 300 ~ 2500.

2. Chigadzirwa Tsanangudzo

2.1 Zvido zvehunyanzvi

2.1.1 Dhizaini uye Kugadzira mwero : API 6D, ASME B16.34

2.1.2 Kupera kusvika kumagumo ekubatanidza chiyero: ASME B16.5

2.1.3 Chiyero chehuso nechiso: ASME B16.10

2.1.4 The pressure-temperature giredhi mwero: ASME B16.34

2.1.5 Kuongorora uye bvunzo (kusanganisira hydraulic test): API 6D

2.1.6 Moto kuramba bvunzo: API 607

2.1.7 Sulfur kuramba kugadzirisa uye kuongorora zvinhu (inoshanda kune sour sevhisi): NACE MR0175/ISO 15156

2.1.8 Fugitive emission bvunzo (inoshanda kune yakavava sevhisi): sezviri BS EN ISO 15848-2 Kirasi B.

2.2 Chimiro chevhavha yebhora

Figure1 Zvidimbu zvitatu zvakagadzira trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane magetsi akaitwa

Mufananidzo2 Zvidimbu zvitatu zvakafogirwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane pneumatic actuated

Mufananidzo3 Zvidimbu zvitatu zvakafogirwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane hydraulic actuated

Figure4 Yakazara welded bhora mavharuvhu ane pneumatic actuated

Figure5 Yakavigwa yakazara yakakwenenzverwa bhora mavharuvhu ane oiri-gasi yakabatidzwa

Figure6 Yakazara welded bhora mavharuvhu ane mafuta-gasi actuated

3. Kuiswa

3.1 Pre-installation kugadzirira

(1) Mapaipi ese ari maviri ekupedzisira evharuvhu akagadzirira. Mberi uye kumashure kwepombi kunofanirwa kuve coaxial, maviri flange yekuisa chisimbiso nzvimbo inofanira kufanana.

(2) Mapombi akachena, tsvina ine girizi, siragi yewelding, uye mamwe matsvina ese anofanira kubviswa.

(3) Tarisa pakaiswa vharafu yebhora kuti uone mavharuvhu ebhora ari mumamiriro akanaka. Ivhavha ichavhurwa zvakazara uye yakavharwa zvizere kuratidza kuti iri kushanda nemazvo.

(4) Bvisa zvidziviriro zvinodzivirira mukubatana kwemagumo maviri evhavha.

(5) Tarisa kuvhurika kwevharuvhu wonyatsoichenesa. Nyaya yekune imwe nyika pakati pechigaro chevharuvhu / chigaro chemhete nebhora, kunyangwe kana granule chete inogona kukuvadza chigaro chevhavha chisimbiso kumeso.

(6) Usati waiswa, nyatso tarisa zita rezita kuti uve nechokwadi cherudzi rwevharuvhu, saizi, zvinhu zvechigaro uye giredhi rekumanikidza-tembiricha zvakakodzera kune mamiriro epombi.

(7) Usati waiswa, tarisa mabhaudhi ese nenzungu mukubatana kwevharuvhu kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti yakasimbiswa.

(8) Kunyatsofamba mukufambisa, kukanda kana kudonha hakubvumidzwe.

3.2 Kuiswa

(1) Ivhavha yakaiswa pane pombi. Nezve media kuyerera zvinodiwa zvevharuvhu, simbisa kumusoro uye kudzika kwerwizi zvinoenderana negwaro revharuvhu ichaiswa.

(2) Pakati pevhavha flange uye pombi flange inofanira kuiswa magaskets maererano nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira pombi.

(3) Mabhaudhi eFlange anofanirwa kuenzana, anotevedzana, akaenzana kusimba

(4) Iyo butt welded yekubatanidza mavharuvhu anongozadzisa zvinotevera zvinodiwa kana aiswa welded kuti agadzirwe mupombi system panzvimbo:

a. Welding inofanirwa kuitwa neanowelda ane chitupa chekuwelder chinotenderwa neHurumende Boiler uye Pressure Vessel Authority; kana welder awana welder's qualification certificate yakataurwa muASME Vol. Ⅸ.

b. Welding process parameters inofanirwa kusarudzwa sezvakatsanangurwa mumhando yekusimbisa bhuku rewelding zvinhu

c. Iyo kemikari inoumbwa, mashandiro emuchina uye kushorwa kwesimbi yekuzadza simbi ye welding seam inofanirwa kuenderana ne base simbi.

(5) Paunenge uchisimudza nehombodo kana mutsipa wevhavha uye cheni inotsvedza yakasungirirwa pagumbo reruoko, bhokisi regiya kana zvimwe zvinogadzirisa hazvibvumirwi .Uyewo, kuguma kwekubatanidza kwevhavha kunofanira kubhadhara kudzivirira kubva pakukuvadzwa.

(6)Muviri wevharuvhu yakasungwa kubva pabutt end weld 3 "chero nzvimbo iri kunze kwekudziya kwekushisa haifaniri kudarika 200 ℃. Usati waputira, matanho anofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kusvibiswa senge welding slag mukuita kuwira mumugero wemuviri kana chisimbiso chechigaro. Iyo pombi yakatumira inonzwisisika corrosion medium inofanira kutorwa kuyerwa kwekuoma kwe weld. Iko kuoma kwewelding seam uye base zvinhu hazvina kupfuura HRC22.

(7) Kana uchiisa mavharuvhu uye actuators, axis ye actuator worm inofanirwa kunge yakatarisana neaxis yepombi.

3.3 Kuongorora mushure mekuiswa

(1) Kuvhura nekuvhara 3 ~ 5 nguva yevhavha yebhora uye actuators haifaniri kuvharwa uye inosimbisa kuti mavhavha anogona kushanda zvakanaka.

(2) Chiso chekubatanidza cheflange pakati pepombi nevharuvhu yebhora chinofanira kutariswa mashandiro ekuisa chisimbiso zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira pombi.

(3) Mushure mekuisa, iyo yekumanikidza bvunzo yehurongwa kana pombi, vharafu inofanira kunge iri munzvimbo yakazaruka zvizere.

4 .Kushanda, kuchengetedza nekugadzirisa

4.1 Ball valve ndeye 90 ° yekuvhura nekuvhara mhando, bhora revhavha rinongoshandiswa pakuchinja uye harishandiswe kugadzirisa! Hazvibvumirwi kuti vheji inoshandiswa mukupisa kwepamusoro uye muganhu wekumanikidzika uye nguva dzose kuchinjana kudzvinyirira, tembiricha uye mamiriro ekushanda ekushandiswa. The pressure-temperature giredhi ichave inoenderana neASME B16.34 Standard. Mabhaudhi anofanirwa kusimbiswa zvakare kana achinge adonha pakupisa kwakanyanya. Usabvumire kukanganisa kurodha uye chiitiko chekushushikana kwakanyanya hachibvumidze kuoneka pane yakaderera tembiricha. Vagadziri vacho havana basa kana tsaona ikaitika nekuda kwekutyorwa kwemitemo.

4.2 Mushandisi anofanira kuzadza mafuta ekuzora (girisi) nguva nenguva kana paine mavharuvhu egirisi ari erudzi rwelube. Nguva inofanira kuiswa nemushandisi maererano nehuwandu hwevhavha inovhurika, kazhinji kamwe chete pamwedzi mitatu; kana paine chero mavharuvhu egirisi ari erudzi rwechisimbiso, girisi yekuisa chisimbiso kana kurongedza zvinyoro kunofanirwa kuzadzwa nenguva kana vashandisi vakawana kuvuza, uye inoita shuwa kuti hapana kuvuza. Mushandisi anogara achigadzirisa michina iri mumamiriro akanaka! Kana pane mamwe matambudziko ehutano panguva yewaranti (maererano nechibvumirano), mugadziri anofanira kuenda kunzvimbo pakarepo uye kugadzirisa dambudziko racho. Kana inopfuura nguva yewaranti (maererano nechibvumirano), kana mushandisi achida kuti tigadzirise dambudziko, tinoenda kunzvimbo nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa dambudziko.

4.3 Kutenderedzwa kwewachi kwemavharuvhu ekushanda kwemaoko kuchavharwa uye kutenderedzwa kwewachi kwemavharuvhu ekushandisa kuchavhurwa. Kana dzimwe nzira, bhatani rebhokisi rekutonga uye mirairo inofanirwa kuenderana nekuchinja kwemavharuvhu. Uye dzivisa kushanda kwakashata kunodzivisa kuitika. Vagadziri havana basa nekuda kwezvikanganiso zvekushandisa.

4.4 Mavharuvhu anofanirwa kugara achigadziriswa mushure mekunge mavharuvhu ashandiswa. Chiso chekuisa chisimbiso uyeabrasioninofanira kuongororwa kakawanda, zvakadai sokunge kurongedza kukwegura kana kukundikana; kana muviri ukaitika ngura. Kana mamiriro ari pamusoro akaitika, inguva yekugadzirisa kana kutsiva.

4.5 Kana iyo yepakati iri mvura kana mafuta, zvinokurudzirwa kuti mavharuvhu anofanirwa kuongororwa uye kuchengetedzwa mwedzi mitatu yega yega. Uye kana svikiro racho richiita ngura, zvinokurudzirwa kuti mavharuvhu ose kana chikamu chemavharuvhu chitariswe uye kuchengetedzwa mwedzi wega wega.

4.6 Bhora vharafu kazhinji haina thermal insulation chimiro. Kana iyo yepakati iri tembiricha yakakwira kana tembiricha yakaderera, pamusoro pevharuvhu haibvumidzwe kubata kudzivirira kubva pakupisa kana chando.

4.7 Pamusoro pemavharuvhu nedzinde uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinovhara zviri nyore huruva, mafuta uye utachiona hwepakati. Uye vharafu inofanira kuva abrasion uye corrosion nyore; kunyangwe inokonzerwa nekukweshana kupisa kunogadzira njodzi yegasi rinoputika. Saka vharafu inofanira kazhinji kuchenesa kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka.

4.8 Kana mavharuvhu achigadziriswa nekugadzirisa, zvakafanana nehukuru hwepakutanga uye zvinhu o-mhete, gaskets, bolts uye nuts zvinofanira kushandiswa. O-mhete uye gaskets emavharuvhu anogona kushandiswa sekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvigadziriso muhurongwa hwekutenga.

4.9 Inorambidzwa kubvisa ndiro yekubatanidza kuti itsive mabhoti, nuts uye o-rings apo valve iri mumamiriro ekudzvinyirira. Mushure mezvikwiriso, mabhaudhi, nzungu kana o-mhete, mavharuvhu anogona kushandiswa zvakare mushure mekuvhara bvunzo.
4.10 Kazhinji, zvikamu zvemukati zvevhavha zvinofanira kusarudzwa kugadzirisa uye kutsiva, zvakanakisisa kushandisa zvikamu zvevagadziri kuti zvitsive.

4.11 Mavhavha anofanira kuunganidzwa uye kugadziriswa mushure mekunge mavhavha agadziriswa. Uye dzinofanirwa kuongororwa mushure mekunge dzaunganidzwa.

4.12 Hazvikurudzirwe kuti mushandisi arambe achigadzirisa valve yekumanikidza. Kana zvikamu zvekumanikidza zvekugadzirisa zvakashandiswa kwenguva yakareba, uye njodzi inogona kuitika ichaitika, uye inokanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwemushandisi. Vashandisi vanofanira kutsiva vharuvhu itsva nenguva.

4.13 Nzvimbo yewelding yewelding mavharuvhu papombi inorambidzwa kugadzirisa.

4.14 Mavharuvhu ari papombi haatenderwi kubaya; ndeyekufamba uye sechinhu chipi nechipi chinorema pairi.

4.15 Migumo inofanira kuvharwa nenhovo muimba yakaoma uye ine mhepo, kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchena kwevhavhavhavha.

4.16 Mavharuvhu mahombe anofanirwa kutsigirwa uye haagone kubata pasi paanenge achichengetera kunze Zvakare, iyo isingapinde mvura-inoratidza hunyoro hunofanirwa kucherechedzwa.

4.17 Apo valve yekuchengetedza kwenguva yakareba inoshandiswa zvakare, kurongedza kunofanira kuongororwa kana kusina kukodzera uye kuzadza mafuta ekuzora muzvikamu zvinotenderera.

4.18 Mamiriro ekushanda evhavha anofanira kuramba akachena, nokuti anogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwebasa.

4.19 Ivhavha yekuchengetedza kwenguva yakareba inofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kubvisa tsvina. Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso inofanirwa kutarisisa kuve yakachena kudzivirira kubva mukukuvadza.

4.20 Pekuro yepakutanga inochengetwa; pamusoro pemavharuvhu, stem shaft uye flange iyo yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro peflange inofanirwa kuterera kudzivirira.

4.21 Iyo mhango yemavharuvhu haibvumidzwe kudonha kana kuvhura nekuvhara kusingasviki panzvimbo yakatarwa.

5. Matambudziko anogona kuitika, zvikonzero uye matanho ekugadzirisa (ona fomu 1)

Fomu 1 Matambudziko anogona kuitika, zvikonzero uye matanho ekugadzirisa

Ongorora: Munhu webasa anofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakodzera uye ruzivo nemavharuvhu