Kuisirwa, Kushanda uye Kugadziridza Chinyorwa cheASME Bhora Valve

1. Makuriro

Iri bhuku rinosanganisira magetsi akashandiswa, pneumatic akavhiyiwa, hydraulic akavhiyiwa uye mafuta-gasi akavhiyiwa flanged kubatanidza matatu-chidimbu chakagadzirwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu uye akazara zvakazara mavhavha ebhora aine zita rezita NPS 8 ~ 36 & Kirasi 300 ~ 2500.

2. Chigadzirwa Tsananguro

2.1 Unyanzvi zvinodiwa

2.1.1 Dhizaini uye Gadzira standard: API 6D, ASME B16.34

2.1.2 Kuguma kusvika kumagumo ekubatanidza standard: ASME B16.5

2.1.3 Chakatarisana nechiso divi chiyero: ASME B16.10

2.1.4 Iyo yekumanikidza-tembiricha giredhi chiyero: ASME B16.34

2.1.5 Kuongorora uye kuyedza (kusanganisira hydraulic bvunzo): API 6D

2.1.6 Moto kuramba bvunzo: API 607

2.1.7 Sarufa kupokana kugadzirisa uye kuongorora kwezvinhu (zvinoshanda kune yakasviba sevhisi): NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156

2.1.8 Kutiza kuburitsa bvunzo (inoshanda kune inovava sevhisi): sekuenderana BS EN ISO 15848-2 Kirasi B.

2.2 Maumbirwo evharuvhu yebhora

Mufananidzo1 Zvidimbu zvitatu zvakagadzirwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane magetsi actuated

Figure2 zvidimbu zvitatu ndokugadzira trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane pneumatic actuated

Mufananidzo3 Zvidimbu zvitatu zvakagadzirwa trunnion bhora mavharuvhu ane hydraulic actuated

Figure4 Yakazara welded bhora mavharuvhu ane pneumatic actuated

Mufananidzo5 Akavigwa zvakazara welded bhora mavharuvhu neoiri-gasi inogadzirwa

Figure6 Yakazara welded bhora mavharuvhu neoiri-gasi inogadzirwa

3. Kuisa

3.1 Kugadzirira-kugadzirira

(1) Pombi yekupedzisira yevhavha yakagadzirira. Mberi neshure kwepombi kunofanirwa kuve coaxial, maviri flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro inofanira kunge yakafanana.

(2) Yakachena mapaipi, iyo ine greasy tsvina, welding slag, uye zvese zvimwe zvisina kuchena zvinofanirwa kubviswa.

(3) Tarisa kumaka kwebhora vharuvhu kuti uone mavharuvhu ebhora mumamiriro akanaka. Iyo vharuvhu ichavhurwa zvizere uye yakavharwa zvizere kuratidza kuti iri kushanda nemazvo.

(4) Bvisa zvinodzivirira mukubatana kwemaviri magumo evhavha.

(5) Tarisa kuvhura kwevhavha uye uichenese zvakakwana. Zvekunze nyaya pakati pevharuvhu chigaro / chigaro mhete uye bhora, kunyangwe kana chete granule inogona kukuvadza vharafu chigaro chekuisa chisimbiso kumeso.

（6） Usati waiswa, nyatso tarisa zita replate kuti uve nechokwadi chevharuvhu mhando, saizi, chigaro zvinhu uye yekumanikidza-tembiricha giredhi yakakodzera kune mamiriro epombi.

（7, Usati waiswa, tarisa mabhaudhi ese uye nzungu mukubatana kwevhavha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti yakasimbiswa.

） 8 movement Kuchenjerera kufamba mukufambisa, kukanda kana kudonhedza hazvitenderwe.

3.2 Kuiswa

(1) Vharuvhu yakaiswa paipi. Zvemidhiya kuyerera zvinodiwa nevhavha, simbisa iyo yekumusoro uye yekudzika inoenderana nekwakatungamira vharuvhu kuiswa.

(2) Pakati pevharuvhu flange uye pombi flange inofanirwa kuiswa magaskets zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira pombi.

(3) Flange mabhaudhi anofanirwa kunge akaenzana, akateedzana, akasungwa sunga

(4) Iyo mavhiri akasunganidzwa ekubatanidza mavharuvhu anozokwenenzvera zvinotevera zvinodiwa kana iwo akasunganidzwa kuti aiswe mune pombi system pane saiti:

a. Welding inofanirwa kuitwa neyeweldder uyo ane chitupa cheweldder chinogamuchirwa neHurumende Boiler uye Pressure Vessel Authority; kana iye welder uyo awana chitupa cheweldder chinotsanangurwa muASME Vol. Ⅸ.

b. Welding process parameter inofanirwa kusarudzwa sezvakatsanangurwa mune yehunhu hwekusimbisa bhuku rewelding zvinhu

c. Iyo makemikari kuumbwa, kuita kwemuchina uye ngura kuramba kweiyo filler simbi yekumonera seam inofanirwa kuenderana nesimbi simbi

(5) Kana uchisimudza nejuzi kana mutsipa wevhavha uye ketani yekumonera iri padivi vhiri, giya bhokisi kana mamwe maactuator haatenderwe .Zvekare, magumo ekubatanidza emavhavha anofanirwa kutarisisa kudzivirira kubva mukukuvara.

(6) Muviri wevharuji yebhora yakasunganidzwa unobva pabut end end weld 3 "chero nguva kunze kwekushisa kwekudziya haifanire kudarika 200 ℃. Tisati tanyorovera, matanho anofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kusachena senge simbi yekuwisira iri mukuwira mumugwagwa wemuviri kana kuiswa chisimbiso pachigaro. Iyo pombi iyo yakatumira yakashata ngura yepakati inofanira kutorwa iyo weld yekuoma kuyerwa. Iko kuomarara kwekusonesa musono uye zvigadzirwa zvepasi hazvipfuure HRC22.

(7) Kana uchiisa mavharuvhu nemaactuator, iyo axis yeactuator honye inofanirwa kuve yakanangana neiyo axis yepombi

3.3 Kuongorora mushure mekuiswa

(1) Kuvhura nekuvhara 3 ~ 5 nguva yemavharuvhu ebhora uye maactuator haafanire kuvharwa uye inosimbisa kuti mavhavha anogona kushanda zvakajairika.

(2) Chiso chekubatanidza che flange pakati pepombi nevharuvhu yebhora chinofanirwa kuongororwa iko kusimbisa mashandiro zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa mukugadzirwa kwepombi.

(3) Mushure mekuisirwa, iyo yekumanikidza kuyedza kwesystem kana pombi, iyo vharuvhu inofanirwa kunge iri munzvimbo yakazara yakavhurika.

4 .Operation, kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa

4.1 Bhora vharuvhu iri 90 ° yekuvhura uye yekuvhara mhando, bhora vharafu rinongoshandiswa chete kushandura uye harishandiswe kugadzirisa! Hazvibvumirwi kuti vharafu rinoshandiswa mune iri pamusoro tembiricha uye kumanikidza muganho uye kazhinji kuchinjanisa kumanikidza, tembiricha uye kushanda mamiriro ekushandisa. Iyo yekumanikidza-tembiricha giredhi ichave inoenderana neASME B16.34 Standard. Mabhaudhi anofanira kusimbiswa zvakare kuitira kana paine leakage pane yakanyanya tembiricha. Usatendere kukonzeresa kurodha uye izvo zvinoitika zvekushushikana kwepamusoro hazvibvumidze kuoneka pakadzika tembiricha. Vagadziri vacho havana basa kana tsaona ikaitika nekuda kwekutyorwa kwemitemo.

4.2 Mushandisi anofanira kuzadza mafuta ekuzora (girizi) nguva dzose kana paine mavhavha egirisi ayo ari erudzi rwe lube. Nguva inofanirwa kusetwa nemushandisi zvinoenderana nekuwanda kwevhavha kuvhura, kazhinji kamwe pamwedzi mitatu; kana paine chero magirosa mavharuvhu ayo ari echisimba mhando, yekuisa chisimbiso girisi kana zvakapfava kurongedza kunofanirwa kuzadzwa nenguva kana vashandisi vawana leakage, uye inova nechokwadi chekuti hapana leakage. Mushandisi anogara achigadzirisa michina iri mune yakanaka mamiriro! Kana paine mamwe matambudziko emhando yepamusoro panguva yewarandi nguva (zvinoenderana nechibvumirano), mugadziri anofanira kuenda kuchiitiko nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa dambudziko. Kana inopfuura garandi nguva (zvinoenderana nechibvumirano), kana mushandisi angotida kuti tigadzirise dambudziko, tichaenda kunzvimbo nekukasika uye kugadzirisa dambudziko.

4.3 Kutenderera kwewashi kwemaoko mashandiro evharuvhu kunofanira kuvharwa uye kutenderera kuchichinjika nemawoko kwebasa rekushandisa mavharuvhu ichave yakavhurika. Kana dzimwe nzira, bhatani rekutonga bhokisi nemirairo zvinofanirwa kuenderana neshanduro yemagetsi. Uye tiza iyo isiriyo oparesheni inodzivirira kuitika. Vagadziri havana basa nekuda kwekukanganisa kushanda.

4.4 Mavharuvhu anofanirwa kugara achigadziriswa mushure mekunge mavhavha ashandiswa. Kuiswa chisimbiso uyeabrasion inofanirwa kuongororwa kazhinji, sekunge kurongedza kuri kuchembera kana kukundikana; kana muviri ukaitika ngura. Kana mamiriro ari pamusoro apa akaitika, zviri panguva yekugadzirisa kana kutsiva.

4.5 Kana svikiro iri mvura kana mafuta, zvinokurudzirwa kuti mavhavha anofanira kuongororwa nekuchengetwa mwedzi mitatu yega yega. Uye kana iyo svikiro ichikanganisa, zvinokurudzirwa kuti ese mavhavha kana chikamu chevhavha chinofanira kuongororwa nekuchengetwa mwedzi wega wega.

4.6 Bhora vharuvhu kazhinji haina kupisa kwekudzivirira. Kana iyo svikiro iri yakanyanya tembiricha kana yakadzika tembiricha, iyo yepamusoro yevhavha haibvumirwe kubata kubata kudzivirira kubva pakupisa kana chando.

4.7 Kumusoro kwemavharuvhu uye hunde uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinofukidza zviri nyore guruva, mafuta uye wepakati hutachiona. Uye vharuvhu inofanira kuvezwa uye ngura nyore; kunyangwe iyo inokonzerwa nekukakavara kupisa kunogadzira njodzi yekuputika gasi. Saka vharafu inofanirwa kugara ichichenesa kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka.

4.8 Kana kugadzirisa vharuvhu nekugadzirisa, zvakafanana nehukuru hwepakutanga uye zvinhu o-zvindori, magasketi, mabhaudhi uye nzungu dzinofanira kushandiswa. O-zvindori uye magasketi emagetsi anogona kushandiswa sekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvikamu zvekupenga mukutenga.

4.9 Zvinorambidzwa kubvisa ndiro yekubatanidza kutsiva mabhaudhi, nzungu uye o-mhete kana vharafu iri mudzvinyiriro. Mushure mezvimisikidzo, mabhaudhi, nzungu kana o-zvindori, mavhavha anogona kushandisa zvekare mushure mekuisa chisimbiso bvunzo.
4.10 Kazhinji, zvemukati zvikamu zvemavharuvhu zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa kugadzirisa uye kutsiva, zvakanakisa kushandisa zvikamu zvevagadziri kutsiva.

4.11 Mavharuvhu anofanirwa kuunganidzwa nekugadziriswa mushure mekunge mavharuvhu agadzirwa. Uye dzinofanirwa kuyedzwa mushure mekunge dzaungana.

4.12 Hazvikurudzirwi kuti mushandisi arambe achigadzirisa vharuvhu yekumanikidza. Kana zvikamu zvekumanikidza zvekumanikidza zvashandiswa kwenguva yakareba, uye tsaona inogona kuitika, kunyange iyo inokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwemushandisi. Vashandisi vanofanirwa kutsiva vharuvhu nyowani panguva.

4.13 Nzvimbo yekutungidza mavharuvhu paipiipi inorambidzwa kugadzirisa.

4.14 Mavharuvhu ari paipi haabvumirwi kutepa; ndeye kungofamba uye sezvinhu chero zvinorema pairi.

4.15 Magumo anofanirwa kuvharwa nenhoo mukamuri yakaoma uye ine mweya, kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchena kwevhavhavha.

4.16 mavhavha akakura anofanirwa kukwidziridzwa kumusoro uye haakwanise kubata nepasi pavanochengetera kunze Uyezve, iyo isina mvura-hunyoro-chiratidzo chinofanira kucherechedzwa.

4.17 Kana vharafu yekuchengetera-kwenguva yakareba ikashandiswa zvekare, kurongedza kunofanira kutariswa kana kusiri iko uye kuzadza mafuta ekuzora muzvikamu zvinotenderera.

4.18 Mamiriro ekushanda evhavha anofanirwa kugara akachena, nekuti anogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwebasa.

4.19 Iyo vharuvhu yekuchengetedza-kwenguva refu inofanirwa kunge iri yekutarisa nguva dzose uye kubvisa tsvina. Nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inofanirwa kutarisisa kuve yakachena kudzivirira kubva mukukuvara.

4.20 Iko kurongedza kwepakutanga kunochengetwa; pamusoro pemavharuvhu, stem shaft uye flange iyo yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro petambo inofanira kutarisisa kuchengetedza.

4.21 Nzvimbo yemavharuvhu haibvumirwe kubuda kana kuvhura nekuvhara zvikasasvika panzvimbo yakatarwa.

5. Zvinogona kuitika matambudziko, zvikonzero uye matanho ekugadzirisa (ona fomu 1)

Fomu 1 Zvinogona kuitika matambudziko, zvikonzero uye matanho ekugadzirisa

Ongorora: Munhu webasa anofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakodzera uye ruzivo nemavhavha