1. General
Mavharuvhu eaya akateedzana anoshandiswa kuvhara kana kuvhura mapaipi muipi pombi senzira yekuchengetedza kushanda kwese kwehurongwa.
2. Chigadzirwa Tsananguro
2.1Technique chinodikanwa
2.1.1 Dhizaini uye gadzira: API600, API603, ASME B16.34, BS1414
2.1.2 Kubatanidza magumo dhizaini: ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47, ASME B16.25
2.1.3 Chiso chakatarisana kana kuguma kusvika kumagumo: ASME B16.10
2.1.4 Kuongorora uye kuyedza: API 598 、 API600
2.1.5 Mazita emazita: MPS2 ″ ~ 48 ″, Mazita emakirasi ratings: Class150 ~ 2500
2.2 Mavharuvhu eaya akateedzana ari echinyorwa (actuated kuburikidza nemawheel kana giya bhokisi) magedhi mavharuvhu ane flange magumo uye garo garo Welding magumo .Vharuvhu hunde inofamba ichitwasuka. Paunotenderedza wiri remaoko kutenderera nguva, gedhi rinodonha pasi kuti uvhare pombi; paunotenderedza wiri remaoko uchienda kurudyi, gedhi rinosimuka kuti rivhure pombi.
2.3 Iyo yakarongeka ona Fig. 1, 2and3.
2.4 Mazita uye zvigadzirwa zvezvikamu zvikuru zvakanyorwa muTafura 1.
Tafura 1)
Chikamu Zita |
Mashoko |
Muviri nebhoneti |
ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6 ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M - Monel |
gedhi |
ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6 ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M - Monel |
chigaro |
ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF2, F11, F22 ASTM A182 F304, 304L, ASTM A182 F316, 316L, ASTM B462, ine.C.C-4, Monel |
dzinde |
ASTM A182 F6a 、 ASTM A182 F304 (304L ASTM A182 F316 (316L 、 、 ASTM B462 、 Has.C-4 el Monel |
Kurongedza |
Rakarukwa graphite uye inochinjika graphite, PTFE |
Stud / nati |
ASTM A193 B7 / A194 2H, ASTM L320 L7 / A194 4, ASTM A193 B16 / A194 4 、 ASTM A193 B8 / A194 8 、 ASTM A193 B8M / A194 8M |
Gasket |
304 (316) + Girafu 、 304 (316) 、 Has.C-4 、 Monel-B462 |
Seat mhete / Disc / hukawanika |
13Cr, 18Cr-8Ni, 18Cr-8Ni-Mo, NiCu chiwanikwa, 25Cr-20Ni, STL |
3. Kuchengeta, kugadzirisa, Kuisa uye kushanda
3.1 Kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza
3.1.1 Mavharuvhu anofanirwa kuchengetwa mukamuri yakaoma uye ine mweya. Kupera kwendima kunofanirwa kuvharwa nemabutiro.
3.1.2 Mavharuvhu ari pasi pekuchengetedza kwenguva yakareba anofanirwa kuongororwa uye kucheneswa nguva zhinji, kunyanya kucheneswa kwenzvimbo yekugara kudzivirira kukuvara, uye nzvimbo dzakapedzwa dzinofanirwa kuvezwa nemafuta engura achitadzisa mafuta.
3.1.3 Kana nguva yekuchengetera inopfuura mwedzi gumi nesere, mavhavha anofanirwa kuyedzwa uye zvinyorwa zvinofanirwa kuitwa.
3.1.4 Mavharuvhu akaiswa anofanirwa kuongororwa nekugadziriswa nguva dzose. Iwo makuru ekuchengetedza mapoinzi anosanganisira anotevera:
1) Kuisa chisimbiso kumeso
2) Valve hunde uye vharafu hunde nzungu.
3) kurongedza.
4) Kushatisa pamusoro pemukati pevhavha yemuviri uye vharafu bhoneti
3.2 Kuiswa
Usati waiswa, ita chokwadi chekuzivikanwa kwevhavha (senge modhi, DN, 3.2.1PN uye zvinhu) zvinoiswa mucherechedzo zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvepombi system.
3.2.2 Usati waiswa, nyatso tarisa nzira yevhavha uye nekuisa chisimbiso kumeso. Kana paine chero tsvina, nyatsoichenesa.
3.2.3 Usati waiswa, ita shuwa kuti mabhaudhi ese akasungwa zvakanyanya.
3.2.4 Usati waiswa, ita chokwadi chekuti kurongedza kwakamanikidzwa kwazvo. Nekudaro, iko kufamba kwevhavha yevhavha haifanire kukanganiswa.
3.2.5 Iyo yekumisikidza nzvimbo yevhavha inofanira kufambisa kuongorora uye kushanda. Chinzvimbo chinodiwa chinofanirwa kunge chiri chekuti pombi yakatwasuka, mawoko echiri pamusoro, uye vharuvhu yakatwasuka.
3.2.6 Yevhavhavhavhavha inowanzovharwa, haina kukodzera kuiisa munzvimbo inoshanda kumanikidza kwakakura kwazvo kudzivirira kukuvara kwevhavha yevhavha.
3.2.7 Masiketi akasungirirwa nesocket anokwanisa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera kana zvasunganidzwa kuti zviiswe mupombi pombi pane saiti:
1) Welding inofanirwa kuitwa neanokorobha uyo ane chitupa cheweldder chinogamuchirwa neHurumende Boiler uye Pressure Vessel Authority; kana iye welder uyo awana chitupa cheweldder chinotsanangurwa muASME Vol.Ⅸ.
2) Welding maitiro parameter anofanirwa kusarudzwa sezvakatsanangurwa mune yemhando yekuvimbiswa bhuku rewelding zvinhu.
3) Iyo makemikari anoumbwa, echimakanika mashandiro uye ngura kuramba kweiyo filler simbi yekumonera seam inofanira kuenderana nesimbi simbi.
3.2.8 Iyo vharafu inowanzoiswa, kushushikana kukuru nekuda kwekutsigira, zvishongedzo uye pombi zvinofanirwa kudzivirirwa.
3.2.9 Mushure mekumisikidzwa, panguva yekumanikidzwa kuyedzwa kwepombi system, vharafu inofanira kuvhurwa zvizere.
3.2.10 Kutakura poindi: kana iyo pombi iine simba rakaringana rekutakura vharuvhu uremu uye kushanda torque, saka hapana poindi yekutora inodiwa, zvikasadaro vharuvhu inofanirwa kuve nenongedzo.
3.2.11 Kusimudza: usashandise ruoko rwemaoko kusimudza nekusimudza vharuvhu.
3.3 Kushanda uye kushandisa
3.3.1 Munguva yebasa, gedhi revhavha rinofanira kuvhurwa zvizere kana kuvharwa zvizere kudzivirira kudzivirira pamusoro pechindori chegaro uye gedhi revhavha nekuda kwenzira yepamusoro. Haikwanise kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuyerera kugona.
3.3.2 Kana ukavhura kana kuvhara vharuvhu, shandisa ruoko rwemawoko panzvimbo pechibhende chinobatsira kana kushandisa chimwe chishandiso.
3.3.3 Pakushanda kwetembiricha, ita shuwa kuti ipapo kumanikidzwa kwadzikira kupfuura 1.1 nguva iyo yekumanikidza yekumanikidza-tembiricha ratings muASME B16.34.
3.3.4 Midziyo yekuyamura kuchengetedza inofanira kuiswa paipi yekudzivirira kumanikidza kwekushanda kwevhavha pakupisa tembiricha kuti isapfuure kumanikidza kwakanyanya kunotenderwa.
3.3.5 Kubaya uye kuvhundutsa vharafu kunorambidzwa panguva yekufambisa, yekuisa uye yekuita nguva.
3.3.6 Kuora kwemvura isina kugadzikana, semuenzaniso, kuora kwemamwe mvura kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu uye kutungamira mukumanikidza kushanda, zvichizokuvadza vharuvhu nekukonzera kupenya, nekudaro, shandisa zviridzwa zvekuyera zvakakodzera kubvisa kana kudzikisira zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kuora yemvura.
3.3.7 Kana iyo fluid iri condensate, izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro evharuvhu, shandisa zviridzwa zvakaenzana zvekuyera kudzikisira tembiricha yemvura (semuenzaniso, kupa tembiricha yakakodzera yemvura) kana kuitsiva neimwe vharuvhu.
3.3.8 Yekuzvidzivirira pachayo mvura, shandisa zvirinyore zvekuyera kuvimbisa ambient uye kushanda kumanikidza hakupfuure iyo auto-kuvesa poindi (kunyanya ziviso yezuva kana yekunze moto).
3.3.9 Mukana wemvura ine njodzi, senge inoputika, inogona kupisa. Zvinotyisa, zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, zvinorambidzwa kutsiva kurongedza pasi pekumanikidzwa (kunyange hazvo vharafu iine basa rakadai).
3.3.10 Ita shuwa kuti mvura yemvura haina tsvina, iyo inokanganisa mashandiro evharuvhu, haina zvinyoro zvakaoma, zvikasadaro zviridzwa zvekuyera zvakakodzera zvinofanirwa kushandiswa kubvisa tsvina uye zvakaomarara, kana kutsiva nerumwe rudzi rwevhavha.
3.3.11 Inobvumidzwa tembiricha yekushanda:
Mashoko |
tembiricha |
Mashoko |
tembiricha |
ASTM A216 WCB |
-29 ~ 425 ℃ |
ASTM A217 WC6 |
-29 ~ 538 ℃ |
ASTM A352 LCB |
-46 ~ 343 ℃ |
ASTM A217 WC9 |
–29 ~ 570 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF3, CF3M) |
-196 ~ 454 ℃ |
ASTM A494 CW-2M |
-29 ~ 450 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF8, CF8M) |
-196 ~ 454 ℃ |
Monel |
-29 ~ 425 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CN7M |
-29 ~ 450 ℃ |
- |
3.3.12 Ita shuwa kuti chinhu chemuviri wevhavha chakakodzera kushandiswa mukumira ngura uye ngura yekudzivirira mvura mvura.
3.3.13 Munguva yebasa, ongorora kuiswa kwekusimbisa zvinoenderana netafura pazasi:
Yekuongorora nzvimbo |
Ruza |
Kubatana pakati pevheji yemuviri nevoneti |
Zero |
Kurongedza chisimbiso |
Zero |
Valve chigaro |
Sezvazviri technical technical |
3.3.14 Nguva dzose tarisa kupfeka kwechisimbiso kumeso. Kurongedza kuchembera uye kukuvara. Gadzira kana kutsiva munguva kana humbowo hwawanikwa.
3.3.15 Mushure mekugadzirisa, sanganisa zvakare uye gadziridza vharuvhu, bvunzo yekuomesa kuita uye nyora zvinyorwa.
3.3.16 Kuongorora nekugadzirisa zvemukati makore maviri.
4. Zvinogona kuitika matambudziko, zvikonzero uye kugadzirisa matanho
Tsananguro yedambudziko |
Possible chikonzero |
Matanho ekugadzirisa |
Leak pakurongedza |
Kurongedza zvisina kukwana |
Re-sungisa kurongedza nzungu |
Kukwana huwandu hwekutakura |
Wedzera zvimwe kurongedza |
|
Kupaka kurongeka nekuda kwekureba-nguva sevhisi kana kudzivirirwa zvisirizvo |
Tsiva kurongedza |
|
Leak pane vharuvhu yekugara kumeso |
Yakasviba pekugara kumeso |
Bvisa tsvina |
Worn chigaro kumeso |
Gadzirisa iyo kana kutsiva chigaro mhete kana gedhi revhavha |
|
Yakakanganiswa zvigaro kumeso nekuda kwekuoma kwakaoma |
Bvisa zvakaoma zvakaoma mukati memvura, gadzirisa kana kutsiva chigaro chegaro kana gedhi revhavha, kana kutsiva nerumwe rudzi rwevhavha |
|
Ruza pakabatana pakati pevharuvhu muviri nevharuvhu bhoneti |
Bolts haina kusungwa zvakanaka |
Saizvozvo sunga mabhaudhi |
Yakakuvara zvigaro pamusoro pevhavha yemuviri uye vharafu bonnet flange |
Zvigadzirise |
|
Yakakuvara kana kuputswa gasket |
Tsiva gasket |
|
Kutenderera kwakaomarara kwewhewheel kana gedhi revhavha haigoni kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa |
Yakasungwa zvakasungwa kurongedza |
Saizvozvowo sunungura kurongedza nzungu |
Kugadziriswa kana kukotama kwechisimbiso gland |
Chinja chisimbiso gland |
|
Yakakuvara vharafu hunde nzungu |
Gadzirisa tambo uye bvisa tsvina |
|
Yakapwanyika kana yakaputswa vharuvhu tsinde nati tambo |
Tsiva vharafu hunde nzungu |
|
Bent vharuvhu hunde |
Tsiva vharuvhu hunde |
|
Yakasviba inotungamira pamusoro pegedhi revhavha kana muviri wevhavha |
Bvisa tsvina pane inotungamira pamusoro |
Ongorora: Munhu webasa anofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakodzera uye ruzivo nemavhavha.
5. Warranty
Mushure mekunge vharafu yaiswa mukushandisa, iyo garandi nguva yevhavha ndeye mwedzi gumi nemaviri, asi haipfuure mwedzi makumi maviri nemana mushure mekutakura zuva. Munguva yewarandi nguva, mugadziri anozopa sevhisi yekugadzirisa kana zvikamu zvekusiya mahara zvekukuvara nekuda kwezvinhu, kugadzirwa kana kukuvara zvakapihwa kuti basa iri rakarurama.
Post nguva: Nov-10-2020